(soal 1) Selesaikanlah setiap sistem persamaan berikut.
Pembahasan
Nomor (1)
- 3x – y = 2
- x + y = 6
- ____________+
- 4x = 8
- x = = 2
- Subtitusi x = 2 ke persamaan x + y = 6
- 2 + y = 6
- y = 6 – 2 = 4
- Jadi jawabannya: (2, 4)
Nomor (2)
- x + 4y = 9
- x + y = 3
- ___________ –
- 3y = 6
- y = = 2
- Subtitusi y = 2 ke persamaan x + y = 3
- x + 2 = 3
- x = 3 – 2 = 1
- Jadi jawabannya: (1, 2)
Nomor (3)
- 3x – 2y = -13
- -3x + 4y = 23
- _______________ +
- 2y = 10
- y = = 5
- Subtitusi y = 5 ke persamaan 3x – 2y = -13
- 3x – 2 . 5 = -13
- 3x – 10 = -13
- 3x = -13 + 10 = -3
- x = = -1
- Jadi jawabannya: (-1, 5)
Nomor (4)
- 2x – y = -4
- x – y = -1
- ____________-
- x = -3
- Subtitusi x = -3 ke persamaan x – y = -1
- -3 – y = -1
- y = -3 + 1 = -2
- Jadi jawabannya: (-3, -2)
(soal 2) Selesaikanlah setiap sistem persamaan berikut.
Pembahasan
Nomor (1)
- 2x – 3y = 12 (x 1)
- 3x + y = 7 (x 3)
- 2x – 3y = 12
- 9x + 3y = 21
- _______________+
- 11x = 33
- x = = 3
- Subtitusi x = 3 ke persamaan 2x – 3y = 12
- 2 . 3 – 3y = 12
- 6 – 3y = 12
- 3y = 6 – 12 = -6
- y = = -2
- Jadi jawabannya: (3, -2)
Nomor (2)
- 3x – 4y = 10 (x 2)
- 5x – 8y = 22 (x 1)
- 6x – 8y = 20
- 5x – 8y = 22
- ______________-
- x = -2
- Subtitusi x = -2 ker persamaan 3x – 4y = 10
- 3 . (-2) – 4y = 10
- -6 – 4y = 10
- 4y = -6 – 10 = -16
- y = = -4
- Jadi jawabannya: (-2, -4)
Nomor (3)
- -2x + 3y = -9 (x 2)
- 4x – 5y = 15 (x 1)
- -4x + 6y = -18
- 4x – 5y = 15
- ________________+
- y = -3
- Subtitusi y = -3 ke persamaan 4x – 5y = 15
- 4x – 5 . (-3) = 15
- 4x + 15 = 15
- 4x = 15 – 15 = 0
- x = = 0
- Jadi jawabannya: (0, -3)
(soal 3) Selesaikanlah setiap sistem persamaan berikut.
Pembahasan
Nomor (1)
- 2x + 3y = 8 (x 3)
- 3x – 4y = -5 (x 2)
- 6x + 9y = 24
- 6x – 8y = -10
- ______________-
- 17y = 34
- y = = 2
- Subtitusi y = 2 ke persamaan 2x + 3y = 8
- 2x + 3 . 2 = 8
- 2x + 6 = 8
- 2x = 8 – 6 = 2
- x = = 1
- Jadi jawabannya: (1, 2)
Nomor (2)
- 3x – 2y = 13 (x 4)
- 4x + 5y = 2 (x 3)
- 12x – 8y = 52
- 12x + 15y = 6
- ________________-
- -23x = 46
- x = = -2
- Subtitusi x = -2 ke persamaan 3x – 2y = 13
- 3 . (-2) – 2y = 13
- -6 – 2y = 13
- 2y = -6 – 13
- 2y = – 19
- y =
- Jadi jawabannya: (-2, – )
Nomor (3)
- 7x – 3y = -5 (x 5)
- 6x – 5y = 3 (x 3)
- 35x – 15y = -25
- 18x – 15y = 9
- _________________-
- 17x = -34
- x = = -2
- Subtitusi x = -2 ke persamaan 7x – 3y = -5
- 7 . (-2) – 3y = -5
- -14 – 3y = -5
- 3y = -14 + 5 = -9
- y = = -3
- Jadi jawabannya: (-2, -3)
Nomor (4)
- 4x + 8y = 7 (x 6)
- 6x + 5y = 7 (x 4)
- 24x + 48y = 42
- 24x + 20y = 28
- __________________-
- 28y = 14
- y = =
- Subtitusi y = ke persamaan 4x + 8y = 7
- 4x + 8 . = 7
- 4x + 4 = 7
- 4x = 7 – 4 = 3
- x =
- Jadi jawabannya: (, )
(soal 4) Selesaikanlah sistem persamaan berikut menggunakan metode subtitusi.
Pembahasan
Nomor (1)
- Subtitusi x = 3y + 1 ke persamaan x + 2y = 11
- (3y + 1) + 2y = 11
- 5y = 11 – 1
- 5y = 10
- y = = 2
- Subtitusi y = 2 ke persamaan x = 3y + 1
- x = 3 . 2 + 1 = 6 + 1 = 7
- Jadi jawabannya: (7, 2)
Nomor (2)
- Subtitusi y = 7x – 2 ke persamaan y = 4x + 1
- 7x – 2 = 4x + 1
- 7x – 4x = 1 + 2
- 3x = 3
- x = = 1
- Subtitusi x = 1 ke persamaan y = 4x + 1
- y = 4 . 1 + 1 = 5
- Jadi jawabannya: (1, 5)
Nomor (3)
- Subtitusi y = x – 3 ke persamaan x – 2y = 9
- x – 2 (x – 3) = 9
- x – 2x + 6 = 9
- -x = 9 – 6
- -x = 3
- x = -3
- Subtitusi x = -3 ke persamaan y = x – 3
- y = -3 – 3 = -6
- Jadi jawabannya: (-3, -6)
Nomor (4)
- x – 3y = 5
- x = 5 + 3y kemudian subtitusi ke persamaan 2x + y = 3
- 2(5 + 3y) + y = 3
- 10 + 6y + y = 3
- 7y = 3 – 10
- 7y = -7
- y = = -1
- Subtitusi y = -1 ke persamaan x – 3y = 5
- x – 3 . (-1) = 5
- x + 3 = 5
- x = 5 – 3 = 2
- Jadi jawabannya: (2, -1)
(soal 5) Selesaikanlah sistem persamaan berikut dengan metode yang tepat.
Pembahasan
Nomor (1) metode eliminasi dan subtitusi.
- 3x + y = 7 (x 1)
- x + 2y = 9 (x 3)
- 3x + y = 7
- 3x + 6y = 27
- _______________-
- -5y = -20
- y = = 4
- Subtitusi y = 4 ke persamaan x + 2y = 9
- x + 2 . 4 = 9
- x + 8 = 9
- x = 9 – 8 = 1
- Jadi jawabannya: (1, 4)
Nomor (2) metode subtitusi
- Subtitusi x = -y + 2 ke persamaan x + 3y = 3
- (-y + 2) + 3y = 3
- 2y = 3 – 2 = 1
- y =
- Subtitusi y = ke persamaan x = -y + 2
- x = – + 2 =
- Jadi jawabannya: (, )
(soal 6) Selesaikanlah sistem persamaan berikut.
Pembahasan
Nomor (1)
- 2(x – y) – x = 8
- 2x – 2y – x = 8
- x – 2y = 8 … (pers. 1)
- 5x – (3x – y) = 1
- 5x – 3x + y = 1
- 2x + y = 1
- y = 1 – 2x … (pers 2)
- Subtitusi y pers. 2 ke pers. 1
- x – 2 (1 – 2x) = 8
- x – 2 + 4x = 8
- 5x = 8 + 2
- 5x = 10
- x = = 2
- Subtitusi x = 2 ke persamaan 1
- 2 – 2y = 8
- 2y = 2 – 8 = -6
- y = = -3
- Jadi jawaban: (2, -3)
Nomor (2)
- 3(x + 2y) = 2(x – 3)
- 3x + 6y = 2x – 6
- 6y = 2x – 3x – 6
- 6y = -x – 6 … (pers. 1)
- Subtitusi y = 4 – x ke persamaan 1
- 6(4 – x) = -x – 6
- 24 – 6x = -x – 6
- 24 + 6 = -x + 6x
- 30 = 5x
- x = = 6
- Subtitusi x = 6 ke persamaan y = 4 – x
- y = 4 – 6 = -2
- Jadi jawaban: (6, -2)
(soal 7) Selesaikanlah sistem persamaan berikut setelah kamu mengubah koefisien-koefisien variabel dalam bilangan bulat.
Pembahasan
Nomor (1)
- 0,2x + 0,3y = 0,5 (x 10)
- 2x + 3y = 5 … (pers. 1)
- x + 5y = -1 (x 2)
- 2x + 10y = -2 (pers. 2)
- Eliminasi x pada pers. 1 dan pers. 2
- 2x + 3y = 5
- 2x + 10y = -2
- _______________-
- -7y = 7
- y = = -1
- Subtitusi y = -1 ke pers . 2
- x + 5y = -1
- x + 5 . (-1) = -1
- x – 5 = -1
- x = -1 + 5 = 4
- Jadi jawaban: (4, -1)
Nomor (2)
- 8x – 3y = 9 … (pers. 1)
- – x + y = 2 (x 6)
- x + 3y = 12 .. (pers. 2)
- Eliminasi y pers. 1 dan pers. 2
- 8x – 3y = 9
- x + 3y = 12
- _____________+
- 9x = 21
- x = =
- Subtitusi x = ke pers. 2
- x + 3y = 12
- 3y = 12 – x
- 3y = 12 –
- 3y = – =
- y =
- Jadi jawaban: (, )
(soal 8) Selesaikanlah setiap sistem persamaan berikut.
Pembahasan
Nomor (1)
- x – 3y = 4
- x + 3y = 10
- ______________-
- -2y = -6
- y = = 3
- Subtitusi y = 3 ke x – 3y = 4
- x – 3 . 3 = 4
- x – 9 = 4
- x = 4 + 9 = 13
- Jawaban: (13, 4)
Nomor (2)
- 2x + 5y = -8 (x 2)
- 4x + 10y = -16
- 4x + 3y = 12
- ________________-
- 7y = -28
- y = = 4
- 2x + 5y = -8
- 2x + 5 . 4 = -8
- 2x + 20 = -8
- 2x = -8 – 20 = -28
- x = = -14
- Jawaban: (-14, 4)
Nomor (3)
- 2x – 3y = 7 (x 3)
- 6x – 9y = 21 … (pers. 1)
- 3x + 2y = 4 (x 2)
- 6x + 4y = 8 … (pers. 2)
- Eliminasi x pers. 1 dan pers. 2
- 6x – 9y =21
- 6x + 4y = 8
- _____________-
- -13y = 13
- y = = -1
- 2x – 3y = 7
- 2x – 3 . (-1) = 7
- 2x + 3 = 7
- 2x = 7 – 3 = 4
- x = = 2
- Jawaban: (2, -1)
Nomor (4)
- 2x + y = -9
- x = 3y – 1 (subtitusi ke pers di atas)
- 2(3y – 1) + y = -9
- 6y – 2 + y = -9
- 7y = -9 + 2 = -7
- y = = -1
- x = 3y – 1 = 3 . (-1) – 1 = -4
- Jawaban: (-4, -1)